In October 2025, activist Robby Starbuck filed a defamation lawsuit against Google in Delaware state court, alleging the company’s AI systems — including its Bard-era chatbot and Gemma model — generated and distributed false statements branding him a child rapist and serial sexual abuser through search and chat responses seen by millions of users. The suit seeks at least $15 million in damages, with Starbuck saying the fabricated claims led some people to believe the accusations and increased threats against his safety. Google attributed the outputs to chatbot hallucinations it said were addressed in 2023.